New microfibrous materials from polylactide and polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol loaded with the natural polyphenolic compound curcumin have been prepared by one-pot electrospinning. The incorporation of curcumin in the fibers contributes to shielding curcumin from photodestruction and to enhancement of the mechanical properties of the fibers. Moreover, the formation of hydrogen bonds between curcumin and polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol facilitates the drug release. Curcumin release provides for the antibacterial and anticoagulant activity of the curcumin-loaded mats and prevents adhesion and aggregation of platelets onto the surface of the mats. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42940.