One-dimensional Sm3+ doped SrWO4 with or without different charge compensation approaches (co-doping Li+, Na+ and K+) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The structure, morphology and luminescence properties of the obtained nanofiber phosphors were investigated. The X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infrared and thermogravimetric results show that the Sr(1-x)WO4: Sm (x) (3+) samples crystallize at 700 A degrees C. Scanning electron microscope results indicate that as prepared nanofibers before/after calcination present uniform fiberlike morphology. The luminescence results show that Sr(1-x)WO4: Sm (x) (3+) phosphors can be excited efficiently by ultraviolet (UV) and near-UV light. The emission spectrum consists of three emission peaks at 561, 596 and 643 nm, corresponding to (4)G(5/2) -> H-6(5/2), (4)G(5/2) -> H-6(7/2) and (4)G(5/2) -> H-6(9/2) transitions of Sm3+, respectively. The optimal doping concentration of Sm3+ in SrWO4 is experimentally ascertained to be 4 mol%. The introduction of charge compensator R+ (R = Li, Na and K) can enhance the emission intensity of phosphors significantly. The co-doping of Li+ has the best compensation effect. The present investigation indicates that Sm3+ doped SrWO4 is a promising orange phosphor for light-emitting diode based on UV chip technology.