Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofibers with an average diameter of 150 nm were synthesized by electrospinning. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared ZnO nanofibers have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The as-prepared ZnO nanofibers exhibit excellent sensing properties against ethanol at an operating temperature of 300 degrees C, including a rapid response (time similar to 3 s) and recovery (time similar to 8 s), super sensitivity, and high selectivity, which makes our product a good candidate for fabricating gas sensors in practice.