Pure, Li-doped and Ca-doped titanium dioxide nanofibers have been successfully produced by combining sol gel synthesis and electrospinning. The influence of lithium and calcium doping and calcination under vacuum on morphology, including grain size, nanofiber diameter and continuity, was observed by SEM. The phase composition was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that lithium doping increased the grain size, decreased the fiber diameter and resulted in a higher percentage of the rutile phase, while calcium doping had the opposite effects. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.