Ce3+-doped and Sie-doped La3Si8O4N11 nanofibers and microbelts were prepared by the electrospinning. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDS and PL. XRD patterns of sample nitrided at 1400 degrees C for 9 h were crystallized well and assigned to JCPDF card of the monoclinic La3Si8O4N11 crystal and the sample maintained La3Si8O4N11 phase after doping Ce3+ or Sm3+ ions. The obtained sample not only keeps the morphology of nanofiber but also assembles as film. Under ultraviolet excitation (343 nm), the emission spectra of Ce3+-doped La3Si8O4N11 sample consists a board peak near 430 nm and a shoulder at 460 nm, it results from Ce3+ 5d-4f transition. The dacay curve of Ce3+-doped La3Si8O4N11 nanofibers exhibits double-exponential decay curve. The fast and slow decay lifetimes of Ce3+-doped La3Si8O4N11 nanofibers are about 8.27 and 32.72 ns. The emission spectra of Sm3+-doped La3Si8O4N11 shows four sharp peaks situated at 575, 600, 610 and 650 nm when excited at 409 nm results from Sm3+ 4f-4f transition.