Freestanding membrane built from interwoven carbon fibers with encapsulated liquid gallium (Ga) nanodroplets has been demonstrated via the ultrasonic cell disrupting and electrospinning approaches along with a subsequent annealing process. Employing this membrane as a freestanding anode for lithium storage, the severe volume changes of Ga can be effectively accommodated due to the unique encapsulated 3D network structure. As a result, the membrane exhibits superior electrochemical performance, including high reversible capacity (450 mAh g(-1)), enhanced cycling stability (247 mAh g(-1) at 0.65 A g(-1 )over 250 cycles), as well as good rate performance (200 mAh g(-1 )at 2 A g(-1)). (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.