Well dispersed core/shell structure Fe nanopowders (FeNPs) produced by high energy ion beam evaporation (HEIBE) are added to polyacrylonitrile/N, N-Dimethylformamide (PAN/DMF) solution containing vegetable oil to prepare Fe/C porous nanofibers (FeCPNFs) by electrospinning as electromagnetic microwave absorption material. The FeCPNFs have 3D cross-linked network structure with low graphitization degree. The permittivity and permeability behaviors of the composites made from FeCPNFs and wax are studied in the frequency range of 2.00-18.00 GHz. Mainly due to impedance matching, electric loss, magnetic loss, attenuation constant and "geometrical effect" the FeCPNFs have good microwave absorption properties. The reflection loss (RL) of FeCPNFs can reach -56.6 dB at matching frequency (4.96 GHz) and matching thickness (4.29 mm). The RL value can also reach -26.1 dB at 11.68 GHz, and effective absorption bandwidth (RL <= - 10.0 dB) is 3.00 GHz with a thickness of 2.00 mm. Moreover, under the matching frequency and matching thickness a good absorption performance (RL <= - 15.0 dB) from 2.00 GHz to 18.00 GHz is obtained. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.